![]() The authors of the study make additional recommendations for enhancing manta ray conservation within the Komodo National Park, which can also serve as guidelines for manta ray habitats elsewhere in the world. “I hope that this study will encourage tourism operators to understand the need for the regulations already imposed and increase compliance,” he adds. ![]() Ande Kefi, an employee of the Komodo National Park involved with this study. This means that the Komodo National Park should create measures to limit the disturbance at these sites,” said Mr. “This study shows that the places where tourists commonly observe manta rays are important for the animals to feed, clean, and mate. “This means that manta rays which prefer sites where fishing activities continue to occur or that are more popular with tourism will endure greater impacts” she adds. “I found it very interesting how some manta rays appear to prefer spending their time in some sites more than others, even when sites are 5 km (3 miles) apart, which are short distances for manta rays,” said Dr. The study’s results showed that some manta rays moved around the park and others as far as the Nusa Penida MPA, which lies more than 450 km (280 miles) to the west), but overall, manta rays showed individual preferences for specific sites within the Park. These models can predict the likelihood that manta rays are inhabiting or traveling in between specific sites. The photographs and accompanying time and location information is then used to construct sighting histories of individual manta rays, which can then be analyzed with statistical movement models.
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